Standard and Material Selection of Gasket

Release time:

2023-11-22

The main function of the washer is to reduce the compressive stress of the bearing surface and protect the surface of the connected piece. In order to prevent the loosening of the connecting pair, anti-loosening spring washer, multi-tooth lock washer, round nut stop washer and saddle, wave and cone-shaped elastic washers can be used. The flat washer is mainly used to reduce the pressure. When the axial force of tightening some parts is large, the washer can be easily pressed into a disc shape. At this can be solved by using materials and increasing hardness.

The locking effect of the spring washer is general, and the important parts are used as little as possible or not, and the self-locking structure is adopted. For high-speed tightening (pneumatic or electric) spring washers, it is best to use surface phosphating washers to improve their wear reduction performance, otherwise it is easy to friction and heat and burn out or open mouth, and even damage the surface of the connector. Spring washer structure shall not be used for thin plate connection. According to statistics, spring washers are used less and less in automobiles.

The connecting teeth in the tooth-shaped elastic washer are used more in the automotive industry due to the large and uniform locking force, while the spaced teeth are less.

For spring washers, elastic washers, according to the national standard, generally can choose to GB699-1999 "high quality carbon structural steel" in the 60, 70 steel and 65Mn steel.

There are 9 standards for flat washers in China. From 2000 to 2002, flat washer standards such as GB/T97.3-2000, GB/T5286-2001, GB/T95-2002, GB/T96.1-2002, GB/T96.2-2002, GB/T97.1-2002, GB/T97.2-2002, GB/T97.4-2002 and GB/T5287-2002 were approved and issued respectively.

According to the flat washer performance level, the author recommend the materials used:

1. For 100HV grade ST12, ST13 and Q235, Q215, Q195, etc. can be selected, and the surface hardness can reach about 110HV;
2. For 140HV grade, 08F, 08Al and 10, 10F, etc. can be selected, and the surface hardness can reach about 140HV;
3. For 200HV and 300HV grades, 45, 50, 60, 70 steel or 65Mn steel should be selected, and the technical requirements of 200 ~ 300HV and 300 ~ 400HV can be reached by heat treatment quenching and tempering.

Because according to the standard for 100HV, 140HV grade flat washers can be made of low carbon steel. General enterprises in the selection of materials, most of the use of Baosteel materials, easy to cold stamping.

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